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A Brief Background of Photic Stimulation

The Brain Wave Synchronizer by Schneider Instrument Co
The World's First Commercial Brainwave Synchronizer, circa 1958-1970

Sidney Schneider Brain Wave Synchronizer
The Brain Wave Sychronizer Photic Stimulator in action

Schneider Brain Wave Synchronizer Photic Stimulator
The Journal of the American Medical Association published an article for the first time on the Brain Wave Synchronizer in March, 1959.

The earliest mention of photic stimulation actually dates back many centuries with the mention of spinning light wheels. Early in the 20th century scientists developed the first EEG instruments sensitive enough to measure the minute electrical brainwave activity. Soon after the discovery of brainwaves, early experiments determined that these patterns could be altered by strobes of light blinking in the brainwave frequency range.

Dr. William Kroger was the first to publish results on the use of photic stimulation after testing Sidney Schneider's device pictured above.

For additional information on the background of auditory visual stimulation, please refer to this excellent article located on the following website:
(click here).


Dr. Olmstead,

I wanted to write you and say "thank you."

Since seeing you in June 2004 and starting the Mind Spa programs, my son, Jake, now 8, has really improved in all of his academics in school. While in first grade he just didn’t understand his work, and his reading and math skills were terrible. He left the first grade with the recommendation of getting tutoring over the summer holiday. He was also tested for learning disabilities by the school, and formally diagnosed ADHD.

I was so glad to have seen you, as it gave me the opportunity to try something different, aside from medications. On the standardized test before starting on the MindSpa Program, my son was below normal in some areas, such as short term memory, math, reading. After 10 months of being on the MindSpa programs and being retested, the improvement is remarkable.

My son is now completing the second grade and doing very well in reading and math. I am very much impressed with you, Dr. Olmstead, and the awesome change in my son.
Sincerely, Marcia O., Escondido, CA


Additional Research Resources

 

Stanford University
Stanford University recently hosted a symposium engaging experts in an interdisciplinary dialogue on the hypothesis that brainwaves entrain to rhythmic auditory stimuli, a phenomenon known as auditory driving. “Brainwave entrainment” also known as frequency-following response, describes the way brainwaves modulate in tempo or frequency to gradually match the frequency of a rhythmic stimulus in the environment.

Support comes from lab research on auditory driving, photic driving, phenomenological fieldwork, and existing clinical applications of this research.

Brainwave Entrainment to External Rhythmic Stimuli: Symposium Overview

Below are links from the Stanford University's Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics.

Work by Judith Becker, Ph.D.:

Rapture: Religious Ecstatics and “Deep Listeners”

 Work by Thomas Budzynski, Ph.D.:

The Clinical Guide to Light and Sound

Photic Stimulation Enhancement of Peak Alpha Frequency and High/Low Alpha Ratio

Work by Jon Frederick, Ph.D.:

EEG Coherence Effects of Audio-Visual Stimulation (AVS) at Dominant and Twice Dominant Alpha Frequency

EEG Coherence and Amplitude Effects of Rhythmic Auditory and Visual Stimulation at the Dominant Alpha Frequency (dissertation)

Effects of 18.5 Hz Audiovisual Stimulation on EEG Amplitude at the Vertex

EEG State Discrimination Protocol

Work by Emil Jovanov, Ph.D.:

On the Methodology of EEG Analysis During Altered States of Consciousness

More Publications by Emil Jovanov

Work by Edward W. Large, Ph.D.:

  The Dynamics of Attending: How People Track Time-Varying Events

Gamma-Band Activity Reflects the Metric Structure of Rhythmic Tone Sequences

More Publications by Edward Large

Work by Scott Makeig, Ph.D.:

Attending or Discriminating 40 Hz Modulated Tones Induces Phase-Locked Subharmonic Resonances in EEG

Mining Event-Related Brain Dynamics

Work by Melinda Maxfield, Ph.D.:

Abstract: Effects of Rhythmic Drumming on EEG and Subjective Experience

Additional Research Resources (continued)

Work by Harold Russell, Ph.D.:

Intellectual, Auditory and Photic Stimulation And Changes in Functioning In Children and Adults

A Pilot Investigation of Auditory and Visual Entrainment of Brain Wave Activity in Learning Disabled Boys

On the Treatment of ADD -- SBIR Phase I Grant: Final Report

On the Treatment of ADD -- SBIR Phase II Grant: Final Report  

Work by David Spiegel, M.D.

Hypnotic Visual Illusion Alters Color Processing in the Brain 

Work by M. Barry Sterman, Ph.D.:

Foundation and Practice of Neurofeedback for the Treatment of Epilepsy

Work by Concetta Tomaino, D.A., MT-BC:

On Music Therapy

Work by Udo Will, Ph.D.:

In Time with the Music: The Concept of Entrainment and Its Significance for Ethnomusicology

Other Publications 

Reference:

Neher, A. Auditory Driving Observed with Scalp Electrodes in Normal Subjects, 1960.

Turow, G. Auditory Driving as a Ritual Technology: A Review and Analysis, 2005.

Additional Links

The Entrainment Network

Institute for Music and Neurologic Function

Rhythmic Entrainment Intervention (REI)


MindSpa Studies in China click here

MindSpa Classroom Study in China



AUDITORY VISUAL STIMULATION
(AVS) RESEARCH


Dr. Ruth Olmstead, Psychologist, MindSpa Program Author
Ruth Olmstead, Ph.D.
MindSpa Program Author

Our original twelve proprietary MindSpa programs developed by recognized Auditory and Visual Stimulation (AVS) expert, psychologist Ruth Olmstead, Ph.D.

Published November, 2004, Dr. Olmstead's extensive research, breaks exciting new ground in the treatment of learning disabled ADD / ADHD ( attention deficit disorder / attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ) children and adults. Please contact us for further information.

Dr. Olmstead Dissertation (85 pgs pdf)
Dr. Olmstead Oral Dissertation (11 pgs pdf)
Dr. Olmstead Tables

Dr. Olmstead has extensive experience treating children and adults diagnosed with learning disabilities, attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, depression, and a number of neurological disorders.

Dr. Olmstead is certified in the application of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback, and for more than twelve years has researched, developed, and published a number of specific intervention protocols in the application of AVS. Additionally, she trains licensed therapists in the clinical application of AVS.

Dr. Olmstead currently maintains a full-time practice in the Fort Lauderdale, Florida area.


About Auditory and Visual Stimulation

Auditory and visual stimulation (AVS) is a method of personal development that has evolved over more than two decades from the study and use of biofeedback; a training procedure that can enable a person to alter physiological responses to induce a desired state of mind.

In biofeedback, the object for the individual is to deliberately try to calm or train mental activity. With AVS, passive inducement occurs without the conscious effort of the individual.

How AVS technology is applied
Auditory and visual stimulation is introduced primarily through the optic nerve and ears by means of computerized technology. This technology is applied to the individual through the use of specially designed glasses inset with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) set at specific angles and distances from the eye to optimize desired effect.

These lights flash at predetermined frequencies, and are coupled with specific tones that are received through headphones. The light emitting from the glasses and rate of the flicker introduced by way of the optic nerve creates a matching effect, or induction, between the mind and the set rate of flickering, thereby moving the mind to either more energetic or into deeply relaxing states. Frequencies are determined by the preferred outcome.

Frequency Following Response
The induction method by which this occurs is known as Frequency Following Response (FFR). Through this natural response mechanism, the mind matches the corresponding visual and auditory stimulus. Two common examples demonstrating a typical relaxation response are when gazing into a gently flickering flame, or the effect of soothing music upon the listener.

Type of results AVS offers
The induction into higher arousal states induced by higher frequencies of our special, broad-spectrum white LED lights is theorized to provide enhanced mental activity, which can result in cognitive improvement. The induction to lower states of mental activity through specific lower frequency rates has been found to reduce feelings of anxiety and stress thereby promoting feelings of calmness and deep relaxation, allowing the mind to operate more efficiently with greater clarity.

Workplace Stress and Health
Among the greatest contributors to stress is the workplace. Our quality of life is directly related to our health. When we do not feel good, or we develop chronic conditions, our ability to perform our jobs and our quality of life both suffer.

The British Medical Journal released the findings of the largest study ever on workplace stress, January 21, 2006. The study followed more than 10,000 British civil servants over a 14-year period, and found a possible biological explanation for why workplace stress adversely effects health.

Researchers from University College London discovered links between elevated levels of work stress and metabolic syndrome, which is associated with a group of factors - such as obesity, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol - that increase the risk of heart disease and Type II diabetes.

"Employees with chronic work stress have more than double the odds of the syndrome than those without work stress, after other factors are taken into account," the researchers reported.

Male workers who suffered from chronic work stress were twice as likely to develop metabolic syndrome than those who said they had little workplace pressure. And women with chronic stress, though they were a small group in the study, were more likely to develop metabolic syndrome.

The researchers said it was possible that prolonged exposure to work stress affects the nervous system, and that it could reduce biological resilience, which would disturb the body's physiological balance. See the following articles for further information.

See Forbes Magazine
Times of London
MedPlace Today


Harvard University

Blue light resets body rhythms for sounder sleep, higher alertness

Light Impact on the Biological Clock


Dr. Richard Bandler Co-founder of NLP

I have devoted 35 years to developing tools to make the human brain more user friendly. I find the MindSpa to be of the most important new tools that can open the doorway to better quality of life.

I use the MindSpa on myself....I use the MindSpa on my clients. The results I get are astonishing. Better learning, sleeping, thinking...... the list goes on and on. I intend to use this device to create opportunity, success, and freedom.

Let the future be more wonderful!

DR. RICHARD BANDLER, Co-creator and Creative Genius of Neuro Linguistic Programming


 


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Sixth Generation #MDS-12p Purchase MindSpa


To learn more about use with learning disabilities, click here

MindSpa products meet RoHS green compliance Endorsed by Dr. Richard Bandler
RoHS lead-free compliant
FCC and CE approved
- Official AVS Supplier to the NLP Community -
- Endorsed by Dr. Richard Bandler -


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